Self-adhesive film having an adhesive-friendly surface and cover layer

ABSTRACT

The present invention relates to the construction of an adhesive film which is self-adhesive on one side and has a bond-friendly surface, to a method for producing a one-sidedly self-adhesive film of this kind, to a method for applying the one-sidedly self-adhesive film, more particularly for full-area application to a substrate, e.g., a floor, a wall or a ceiling, and also to the use of the self-adhesive film for application, more particularly full-area application, to a substrate, and for applying an adhesive and/or a leveling compound on the bond-friendly surface of the self-adhesive film.

The present invention relates to the construction of an adhesive filmwhich is self-adhesive on one side and has a bond-friendly surface, to amethod for producing a one-sidedly self-adhesive film of this kind, to amethod for applying the one-sidedly self-adhesive film, moreparticularly for full-area application to a substrate, e.g., a floor, awall or a ceiling, and also to the use of the self-adhesive film forapplication, more particularly full-area application, to a substrate,and for applying an adhesive and/or a leveling compound on thebond-friendly surface of the self-adhesive film.

PRIOR ART

Single-sidedly self-adhesive dry adhesives and adhesive tapes, which forbuilding site applications are normally made available in rolls, areprevented from sticking to one another by application of anadhesion-reducing layer on the reverse of the adhesive tape or carrieror of a removable liner layer on the layer of pressure sensitiveadhesive. This allows the adhesive tapes to be wound and—withoutsticking to one another—unwound again without problems.

The construction with the adhesion-reducing layer on the carrier reverseis inimical to adhesion for further bonding; consequently there ishardly any possibility, in a building site situation, of applying afurther layer to these adhesive tapes using conventional adhesives orleveling compounds with sufficient bond strengths—for example, when avapor retarder is adhered over the full area to a component, e.g., afloor, a ceiling, or a wall, and the intention is to adhere thereon aninsulation material, a floor covering, or a protective layer, or toapply thereon a leveling compound, for example.

WO2015/126931 describes rolls which comprise an air and water barrierarticle having opposing first and second major surfaces, a pressuresensitive adhesive disposed on at least the first major surface of thearticle, and a liner having a first major surface that contacts theopposing second major surface of the barrier layer, wherein the pressuresensitive adhesive contacts a second major surface of the liner when itis wound. Also described are self-adhering air and water barrierarticles and building envelopes produced from the rolls disclosed.

DE 693 27 611 relates to covering substrates, films of plastic,adhesives, release substances, and temporary carriers, and thecombination thereof, for producing shaped articles that are suitable forcovering surfaces.

When a bond-friendly surface is present and an adhesion-reducing layeris absent, the rolls of adhesive tape tend to stick to one another. Thisis especially true of self-adhesive films having relatively high peeladhesions to DIN EN 1939:2003 of above around 15 N/25 mm.

The single-sidedly self-adhering adhesive tapes to which further bondingis to take place that are nowadays used, therefore, are tapes which onthe reverse of the carrier have been given a bond-friendly treatment andwhich, in order to prevent sticking to one another, have a detachableliner layer on the layer of pressure sensitive adhesive.

These adhesive tapes are not convenient in use, since, before theadhesive tape is adhered, the liner layer must be removed—on the onehand, this makes operation complicated, demanding, and awkward, and, onthe other hand, as a result of the removal of the liner layer, the freeadhesive tape acquires much greater mobility, and creases can veryquickly form. Especially if sticking is to take place over the wholearea of a surface—a floor, a wall, or a ceiling, for example—and theadhesive films used are therefore relatively wide, at more than 300 mmin width, for example, manual working is in practice no longerpossible—you would have to hold the self-adhesive film with one hand,and peel off the protective film with the other, and this wouldinevitably produce creases. This is a major disadvantage specifically inthe full-area bonding of a vapor retarder to a substrate, since itallows gaps to form in the sealing. Moreover, the adhesive tape has tobe rubbed on the side of the carrier where sticking is subsequently totake place. As a result, the reverse of the adhesive film, i.e., thebond-friendly surface of the adhesive film, may be damaged, soiled,degraded, or otherwise impaired, and the bond-friendliness and/orphysical integrity may consequently be impaired, reduced, or evendestroyed. Rolls of these kinds, furthermore, have little stability, andtend to unwind themselves or to fall apart. This adds to theinconvenience and complication of operation.

Even if the peel adhesion values of the layer of pressure sensitiveadhesive are not very high, a one-sidedly self-adhering adhesive filmwith a bond-friendly surface but without a removable liner layer maysuffer sticking or may at least exhibit high to very high unwind forces.With wider rolls of more than 300 mm in width, as are required forfull-area adherence to a substrate, practical working is no longerpossible if the unwind forces are even only increased, for the reasonsthat, on the one hand, the unwind forces rise in proportion with thewidth and, on the other hand, during manual unwinding of theself-adhesive film, the point loads onto the adhesive film and/or itscarrier rise accordingly. Damage to the self-adhesive film can hardly beavoided. Another possible consequence in some cases, during theunwinding of an adhesive tape roll of this kind, is that pressuresensitive adhesive of the layer of pressure sensitive adhesive remainson the bond-friendly surface, which may be disruptive to furtherworking.

Double-sidedly self-adhering adhesive tapes have two self-adhesivelayers of pressure sensitive adhesive (PSA layers) with oppositeorientation, with one layer being open and being applied to thesubstrate where sticking is to take place, and with the second PSA layercarrying an applied, removable liner layer. The construction of thisliner layer is generally such that it adheres a little more strongly onthe second PSA layer than on the first PSA layer, so maintaining anunambiguous orientation of the liner layer on the roll. Further bondingcan take place by means of the second PSA layer. However, this is notdesirable or sensible in all applications. Corresponding adhesive tapesare known for example from DE 298 24 685, EP 0 567 110, or EP 1 311 643.The PSA layers are generally unsuitable for acting as a bond-friendlysurface to a conventional adhesive or a leveling compound.

On building sites, also, it is generally not possible to implement asuitable surface pretreatment, such as a corona treatment or plasmatreatment, for one-sidedly self-adhering adhesive tapes which are laidover the full area, to transform the hitherto adhesion-reducing layerinto an adhesion-friendly surface. In the building site situation, thecost and complexity of apparatus involved is generally impracticable.

There exists, consequently, a demand for a one-sidedly self-adhesivefilm for full-area bonding to a substrate, such as a floor, a wall, or aceiling, for example for a one-sidedly self-adhering adhesive tape oradhesive sheets, in a width of at least 300 mm, for example, which has alayer of pressure sensitive adhesive and, on the carrier reverse oradhesive tape reverse, that is on the opposing carrier surface, has abond-friendly surface, and which enables practical, convenient usewithout mechanical aids. This includes in particular the layer ofpressure sensitive adhesive being open on unwinding of the self-adhesivefilm, and the one-sidedly self-adhesive film being able to be applied onthe surface where sticking is to take place, and rubbed, and any linerlayer that may need to be removed being necessarily removed only in asubsequent step, in other words before further sticking. This surface isintended preferably to offer a bond-friendly surface for a conventionalconstruction adhesive, such as an adhesive for floor coverings, woodflooring adhesives, tile adhesives, etc., or for a conventional levelingcompound, such as a self-leveling compound, for example.

BRIEF SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The factors for consideration were as follows: For good, convenientapplicability of an adhesive film of the invention, such as an adhesivetape, the PSA layer of the adhesive film, such as of the adhesive tape,is preferably open, i.e., is not covered by a liner or a liner layer.For further workability, moreover, there ought to be a bond-friendlysurface facing the surrounding environment. Since, however, suchadhesive films are typically made available as rolls or stacked sheets,it is therefore necessary for the PSA layer preferably not to adheresubstantially on the adhesive-friendly surface. This makes it possibleto prevent the rolls or sheets sticking to one another or beingseparable only with high forces or, at best, leaving PSA residues of thePSA layer on the bond-friendly surface. It is also possible to avoid anyremovable liner layer being left on the PSA layer of the adhesive filmwhen they come into contact during winding or stacking, or when they areseparated during unstacking or unwinding.

The inventors have discovered how a one-sidedly self-adhesive film mustbe constructed in order on the one hand to enable convenient,practical—in particular, creaseless, for example—full-area bonding ofthe one-sidedly self-adhesive film on a substrate, and, on the otherhand, to provide a bond-friendly surface on which, additionally, aconventional adhesive or a conventional leveling compound can be stuck.

The inventors have discovered that in this context there can be amaximum adhesion of the PSA layer on the bond-friendly surface or on aremovable liner layer, at which not only the carrier film but also thePSA layer are substantially not damaged on separative removal.

In a first aspect, the present invention relates to an adhesive filmself-adhesive on one side, comprising

-   -   at least one carrier film, wherein the carrier film has a        bond-friendly surface on one side; and    -   a layer of pressure sensitive adhesive, which is located on a        side of the carrier film that faces the surrounding environment,        on the side opposing the bond-friendly surface; wherein a        removable liner layer is applied on the bond-friendly surface of        the carrier film in such a way that the layer of pressure        sensitive adhesive has an adhesion, on a surface of the        removable liner layer that opposes the bond-friendly surface of        the carrier film, of less than or equal to 2.50 N/50 mm,        preferably less than or equal to 1.25 N/50 mm, measured        according to Finat FTM 10, and/or wherein the layer of pressure        sensitive adhesive has an adhesion on the bond-friendly surface        of less than or equal to 2.50 N/50 mm, preferably less than or        equal to 1.25 N/50 mm, measured according to Finat FTM 10.

According to certain embodiments, where the removable liner layer ispresent, the removable liner layer remains on the bond-friendly surfaceof the carrier film during separation, e.g., unstacking or unwinding.

Also disclosed is a method for producing an adhesive film self-adhesiveon one side and comprising

-   -   at least one carrier film, wherein the carrier film has a        bond-friendly surface on one side; and    -   a layer of pressure sensitive adhesive, which is located on a        side of the carrier film that faces the surrounding environment,        on the side opposing the bond-friendly surface;        wherein a removable liner layer is applied on the bond-friendly        surface of the carrier film in such a way that the layer of        pressure sensitive adhesive has an adhesion, on a surface of the        removable liner layer that opposes the bond-friendly surface of        the carrier film, of less than or equal to 2.50 N/50 mm,        preferably less than or equal to 1.25 N/50 mm, measured        according to Finat FTM 10,        wherein the layer of pressure sensitive adhesive is applied to a        side of the carrier film that faces the surrounding environment        and opposes the bond-friendly surface, and the removable liner        layer is applied on the bond-friendly surface of the carrier        film, with the removable liner layer being applied before,        during, or after the first layer of pressure sensitive adhesive;        and/or        wherein the layer of pressure sensitive adhesive is applied to        the carrier film, on the side of the carrier film that opposes        the bond-friendly surface, wherein the layer of pressure        sensitive adhesive, on the bond-friendly surface of the carrier        film, has an adhesion of less than or equal to 2.50 N/50 mm,        preferably less than or equal to 1.25 N/50 mm, measured        according to Finat FTM 10.

With this method it is possible in particular to produce the one-sidedlyself-adhesive film of the invention.

The present invention pertains, moreover, to a method for applying, moreparticularly over the full area, a one-sidedly self-adhesive film of theinvention on a substrate, e.g., a floor, a stair, or a wall, comprising:

applying the one-sidedly self-adhesive film to the substrate,rubbing and/or rolling the one-sidedly self-adhesive film on thesubstrate,optionally removing the removable liner layer of the one-sidedlyself-adhesive film, andoptionally applying an adhesive, a grit and/or a leveling compound onthe bond-friendly surface of the one-sidedly self-adhering self-adhesivefilm.

Additionally disclosed is the use of the one-sidedly self-adhesive filmof the invention for applying, more particularly over the full area, anadhesive, preferably different from the pressure sensitive adhesive ofthe layer of pressure sensitive adhesive, and/or a leveling compound toa substrate.

Other aspects of the present invention are apparent from the dependentclaims and from the detailed description.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION Definitions

Unless otherwise defined, technical and scientific expressions usedherein have the same meaning as that commonly understood by a personskilled in the field of art of the invention, who in this case is aperson skilled in the art in the field of construction adhesives, moreparticularly of the development of self-adhesive films for constructionapplications, especially for the bonding of floor coverings orapplication of leveling compounds to floors.

Finat FTM 10 can be found for example in the FINAT Technical Handbook,in the 9^(th) edition, 2014.

A bond-friendly surface is a surface on which a standard-compliantadhesion is obtained using conventional adhesives typical inconstruction: for example, with adhesives for floor coverings, peelforces of at least 0.5 N/mm, measured by a method based on DIN EN1372:2015; with wood flooring adhesives, a bond strength of at least 1.0N/mm², measured by a method based on DIN EN 14293:2006; with mineraltile adhesives, a bond strength of at least 0.5 N/mm², measured by amethod based on SN EN 1348:2007; with leveling compounds, a bondstrength of at least 1.0 N/mm², measured by a method based on DIN EN13892-8:2003; and/or, with pressure sensitive adhesives for constructionapplications, peel forces of at least 5.0 N/25 mm, measured by a methodbased on DIN EN 1939:2003 are achieved.

For the purposes of the invention, a film is a sufficiently thinmaterial as a base for application of a pressure sensitive adhesive. Itis not confined to a specific material. A carrier film is therefore acarrier in the form of a film, in other words a sufficiently thinmaterial. It may be of single-layer or multilayer construction and, as amultilayer carrier film, may consist of identical and/or differentlayers. The carrier film, for example, is single-layer. According toother examples, the carrier film has two, three, four or more layers.There is no particular restriction on the thickness of the film,provided that it is still flexible, and the thickness may be adaptedappropriately to the application.

A pressure sensitive adhesive (PSA) is a physically adhering adhesivewhich, following application to a carrier material, such as a carrierfilm, remains viscoelastic and permanently tacky and can then be appliedby pressure to a substrate, where it remains attached. In contrast tochemically or physically curing adhesives, PSAs do not exhibit settingprocesses, instead developing the adhesion solely through interactionsbetween the surfaces of the materials in contact.

PSA layers, or layers of pressure sensitive adhesive, in adhesive tapes,for example, are tacky on the basis of their chemical-physicalproperties, with the adhesion being determined via physical effects. Incontrast to some reactive adhesives, PSA layers are unable to formchemical bonds to a substrate. Essential to the development of theadhesion are microscopic interface effects, such as the wetting of thesubstrate surface, which is codetermined via the “softness” of the PSAlayer and of the surface structure of the substrate and also via themolecular electrical properties of the surfaces of the bond partners.Substantially, however, it is important to achieve intimate contact overas great as possible an area between a PSA layer and a substrate.

Many adhesive systems utilize changes in physical state, such as bydrying, crosslinking, cooling, etc., in order on the one hand to achievethe desired surface contact and on the hand to exhibit sufficientadhesion and cohesion for the transmission of force, viz adhesiveeffect. These changes of physical state are brought about by settingprocesses which are chemical (e.g., crosslinking, polymerizing, etc.) orphysical (e.g., cooling, evaporation of solvents, etc.). Thesepossibilities are denied to PSA layers. These layers must besufficiently “soft” for intimate surface contact and at the same timesufficiently “hard” or cohesive to be able to transmit the adhesiveforces. PSAs, then, are viscoelastic materials. These materials are inno way pure substances, being instead always technical amalgamations ofsubstances, or materials which are constructed from a multiplicity ofsubstances, examples being polymers which differ in molecular mass,differ in sequence, initiator molecules, emulsifiers, stabilizers,reaction regulators, solubilizers, etc. The parameters which areimportant for the properties of the resultant materials are in this casenot accessible to the person skilled in the development ofchemical-technical products in the construction.

A general postulation is that for pressure-sensitive adhesiveness, theglass transition temperature of the PSA layer must be situated at least15 K to around 35 K below the working temperature. Furthermore, theadhesion is influenced via diverse forces of attraction and repulsion,examples being van der Waals forces, dipole forces, etc. A key part isplayed here by the chemical architecture of the surfaces involved, whichin practice are never known to a sufficient depth of detail.

In spite of numerous conceptual approaches to adhesion, there is noreliable, calculable model for how to achieve the appropriate adhesionto a particular substrate. It is, however, known that adhesion is notonly determined by the properties of a PSA layer or by the properties ofa substrate surface, but instead develops only through the interactionbetween the surfaces in question. This means that the adhesion acquiredon diverse substrate surfaces with a PSA layer is different. In general,the person skilled in the development of chemical-technical products isnot in possession of the full facts about the structure and theproperties of the substrate surfaces, and has no detailed information onthe precise chemical composition of the raw materials. It is onlythrough empirical studies that the adhesion properties can beascertained and an appropriate product developed accordingly. Inreality, therefore, the person skilled in the development ofchemical-technical products has to formulate appropriate solutions fromthe raw materials options available, and subject them to targetedtesting. In summary, the detailed chemical constituents of the adhesivesare not relevant to the technical development of self-adhesive products,since there is a complete absence on the one hand of the relevantinformation about the surfaces, the adhesives, and other materialsinvolved, and also of an applicable, reliable theory about the adhesivemechanisms.

It is for these reasons that pressure sensitive adhesives and PSA layersproduced from them continue to be characterized, typically, viaparameters, as is apparent, for example, from “Pressure SensitiveAdhesive Tapes, A guide to their function, design, manufacture, anduse”, John Johnston, 2013, chapter 2, “How pressure sensitive adhesiveswork”, chapter 8, “Design”, and chapter 9, “Testing”. The development ofsuch parameters is therefore of the utmost interest to the skilledperson in the field, so as to be able to take account of theseparameters both in ongoing product development and in specific projects.

It is worth keeping in mind here that an adhesion of adhesives, such asof PSAs or other adhesives, for example, can be appropriately adjusted,by means, for example, of attenuation, which is able to achieve areduction in the tack of a PSA. Attenuation may be achieved, forexample, through an addition of particles and/or of a polymer solutionand/or wax, etc., and/or by crosslinking.

The present invention relates in a first aspect to an adhesive filmself-adhesive on one side, comprising

-   -   at least one carrier film, wherein the carrier film has a        bond-friendly surface on one side; and    -   a layer of pressure sensitive adhesive, which is located on a        side of the carrier film that faces the surrounding environment,        on the side opposing the bond-friendly surface; wherein a        removable liner layer is applied on the bond-friendly surface of        the carrier film in such a way that the layer of pressure        sensitive adhesive has an adhesion, on a surface of the        removable liner layer that opposes the bond-friendly surface of        the carrier film, of less than or equal to 2.50 N/50 mm,        preferably less than or equal to 1.25 N/50 mm, measured        according to Finat FTM 10, and/or wherein the layer of pressure        sensitive adhesive has an adhesion on the bond-friendly surface        of less than or equal to 2.50 N/50 mm, preferably less than or        equal to 1.25 N/50 mm, measured according to Finat FTM 10.

According to certain embodiments, the removable liner layer adheres onthe bond-friendly surface with limited forces, and more particularly hasan adhesion of 0.05 to 2.50 N/50 mm, preferably 0.10-1.25 N/50 mm,measured according to Finat FTM 10.

According to certain embodiments, in the event of separation, e.g.,unstacking or unwinding, of the one-sidedly self-adhesive film, theremovable liner layer remains on the bond-friendly surface of thecarrier film, such as when the film is provided as a roll or stack, forexample. In particular, therefore, the removable liner layer may alsoremain on the film carrier during application to a substrate, and thisfacilitates the application of the one-sidedly self-adhesive film to thesubstrate and provides for the possibility, in particular, of simple,manual, crease-free application, thus allowing even relatively wideone-sidedly self-adhesive films to be applied easily to the substrate.

The invention imposes no particular restriction on the carrier film,provided it has on one side a bond-friendly surface. The carrier filmhere may be configured in the form of a single-layer or multilayer filmhaving two or more layers, or else a composite material. The carrierfilm may be configured as one or more layers, including, for example, inan assembly with a woven fabric, paper and/or nonwoven. In particular itis not permeable to the PSA of the PSA layer.

There is no particular restriction on the material of the carrier film,provided the PSA layer can be applied. For example, the carrier film maybe configured as a metal foil or metal layer and/or polymer film,including, for example, in an assembly with a woven fabric, paper and/ornonwoven. As a polymer, the material may also be foamed. According tocertain embodiments, the carrier film comprises or consists of a polymermaterial. There is no particular restriction on the polymer of thecarrier film in this case, and it may comprise or consist, for example,of polymer materials selected from the group consisting of polyethylene(PE), polypropylene (PP), polyamides (PA), polyesters (PES),polyethylene-propylene (PEP), polyethylene terephthalate (PET),polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA), polyolefins (PO), polyvinyl chloride(PVC), polycarbonate (PC), polyurethane (PU), and/or copolymers and/ormixtures thereof, and/or consists thereof. If a foam is used orconcomitantly used for the carrier film or for one layer in a multilayercarrier film, then it may comprise, for example, a polymer material fromthe group of polyethylene (PE), polypropylene (PP), aromatic and/oraliphatic polyamides (PA), aliphatic and/or aromatic polyesters (PES),polyethylene-propylene (PEP), polyethers, polyurethane, polyethyleneterephthalate (PET), polylactide, polyolefins, and/or polyvinyl chlorideand/or copolymers and/or mixtures thereof. The materials statedillustratively, however, do not limit the carrier film.

To produce the bond-friendly surface, the surface of the carrier filmmay be given, for example, a bond-friendly treatment, such as with acorona treatment and/or a plasma treatment and/or a primer coating oradhesion promoter layer, for example, and/or by application of asuitable bond-friendly material, such as a suitable paper, woven fabricand/or nonwoven, for example, which are not subject to particularrestriction and which may be tailored to the material of the carrierfilm. Nor is there any particular restriction on the bond-friendlycarrier surface, which may comprise, for example, a polymer, a naturalsubstance, a metal or alloy, a ceramic, and/or a surface modified by asurface treatment. It may likewise be smooth or structured. Examples ofbond-friendly surfaces that are generally suitable are surfaces of thecarrier film that have been treated with a suitable surface treatment,e.g., a corona treatment and/or a plasma treatment; surfaces of thecarrier film to which a primer coating or adhesion promoter layer hasbeen applied; and/or surfaces of the carrier film to which a suitablebond-friendly material has been applied, such as a paper, woven fabricand/or nonwoven, for example.

It is therefore also possible to use any combinations of a suitablesurface treatment, an application of an adhesion promoter layer, and anapplication of a bond-friendly material, such as a paper, woven fabricand/or nonwoven, to produce the bond-friendly surface of the carrierfilm. For example, a surface treatment of the carrier film may takeplace, and thereon an adhesion promoter layer and/or a bond-friendlymaterial, such as a paper, woven fabric and/or nonwoven, may be applied.Also possible, for example, is the application on the surface of thecarrier film of an adhesion promoter layer and a bond-friendly material,such as a paper, woven fabric and/or nonwoven. Equally possiblesubsequently is for these layers to be provided, for example, with asurface treatment.

It is of course also possible for only one suitable surface treatment totake place in order to produce the bond-friendly surface of the carrierfilm—for example, a corona treatment and/or a plasma treatment, anapplication of an adhesion promoter layer, or an application of abond-friendly material, such as a paper, woven fabric and/or nonwoven.

The surface treatment, the application of an adhesion promoter layer,and the application of a bond-friendly material are in each case notsubject here to any particular restriction.

Examples of suitable surface treatment include corona treatment and/orplasma treatment, which are not subject to particular restriction andwhich may be tailored suitably to the material of the carrier film.

If, for example, an adhesion promoter coating is employed, it islikewise unrestricted and may also be tailored, for example, to thematerial of the carrier film. An adhesion promoter layer may, forexample, comprise a polymer material, which is not subject to theparticular restriction—for example, polyacrylate, polystyrene, polyvinylester, polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene, polypropylene, polyvinylchloride, polyvinylidene chloride, polyurethane, and/or copolymersand/or mixtures thereof.

Nor is there any particular restriction on the bond-friendly material,which may comprise, for example, paper, a woven fabric and/or anonwoven. The paper, the woven fabric, and the nonwoven here are notsubject to particular restriction. Suitable nonwovens or woven fabricsmay comprise, for example, a material selected from a group encompassingglass, metal, carbon, rayon staple, polymers such as polyethylene,propylene, polyamide, polyester, polyacrylonitrile, and/or copolymersand/or mixtures thereof, and/or combinations of these. Thisbond-friendly material may be applied suitably on the surface of thecarrier film, depending, for example, on the material of the surface ofthe carrier film and/or on the bond-friendly material. For example, thebond-friendly material may be applied by adhering, partial melting, etc.

In general there is no restriction on the production of thebond-friendly surface of the carrier film, provided in particular thatcustomary construction adhesives, for example, are able to adhere wellon the bond-friendly surface.

On the other side of the carrier film, this being the side opposite tothe bond-friendly surface, its nature in particular is such that the PSAlayer which is applied thereon adheres well to it. The PSA layer islikewise not subject to particular restrictions. More particularly, thematerial of the PSA layer is not subject to particular restriction, andmay also comprise mixtures of materials. The PSA layer may beimplemented, for example, in the form of a hotmelt adhesive,solvent-based adhesive, or dispersion adhesive. Illustratively, the PSAlayer may consist of or comprise a PSA material which is selected fromthe group consisting of pressure sensitive adhesives based on rubber,natural rubber, synthetic rubber such as, for example, styrene-butadieneblock copolymers (SBS), chloroprene rubber, polyurethane,styrene-acrylate, vinyl acetate, vinyl acetate-ethylene, vinylversatate, polyethylene-vinyl acetate, polyethylene-vinyl versatate,polyacrylate, and/or copolymers thereof, and/or mixtures of these.These, however, do not limit the PSA layer.

An illustrative one-sidedly self-adhesive film with bond-friendlysurface is, for example, an adhesive tape consisting of a carrier film,with a PSA layer and an opposing carrier film surface which isbond-friendly with respect to other adhesives and/or leveling compounds.

In order to prevent blocking or sticking together, for example, within aroll or a stack of the one-sidedly self-adhesive film of the invention,or generally between two one-sidedly self-adhesive films lying againstone another, the peel adhesion forces, i.e., the adhesion, between theupper surface of the one-sidedly self-adhesive film, an adhesive tapefor example, and the PSA layer must be less than or equal to a maximumof 2.50 N/50 mm, measured according to Finat FTM 10. This contradictsthe intention, for the one-sidedly self-adhesive film of the invention,that the bond-friendly surface of the carrier layer is to bebond-friendly with respect to various conventional adhesives and othersubstances, such as leveling compounds, for construction applications.The invention is able to resolve this discrepancy in a variety of ways.

For example, the bond-friendly surface of the one-sidedly self-adhesivefilm may be such that the PSA layer has an adhesion on the bond-friendlysurface of less than or equal to 2.50 N/50 mm, preferably less than orequal to 1.25 N/50 mm, measured according to Finat FTM 10. In the caseof weakly adhering PSA layers in particular, this can be realized withan adhesion of less than 15 N/25 mm, preferably less than 10 N/25 mm,measured according to DIN EN 1939:2003. This may be achieved, forexample, through structuring of the surface.

For example, a superficial structure on the upper, bond-friendly surfaceof the one-sidedly self-adhesive sheet, as for example of an adhesivetape, (bond-friendly carrier surface) may be structured in such a waythat the area of contact with respect to the PSA layer is reduced suchthat the adhesion of the PSA layer on the bond-friendly surface is lessthan or equal to 2.5 N/50 mm, preferably less than or equal to 1.25 N/50mm. By structuring the bond-friendly carrier side of the one-sidedlyself-adhesive film in such a way that, on winding, the contact areabetween PSA layer and bond-friendly carrier surface is reduced to suchan extent, sticking together can be prevented and, at the same time, theentire surface can remain bond-friendly, for further sticking with anadhesive or coating with a leveling compound. This solution isappropriate in particular for one-sidedly self-adhesive tapes withmoderate adhesive forces of the PSA layer, exhibiting peel forcesaccording to DIN EN 1939:2003, for example, of less than 15 N/25 mm,preferably less than 10 N/25 mm.

The structuring may be realized, for example, by an embossed carriersurface or by the application and firm connection, on the carriersurface, of a textile structure—for example, rayon staple, cotton,etc.,—with the textile structure not being restricted to these. Thistextile structure may be suitably attached on the carrier film by meansfor example of a suitable adhesive or by fusion, etc., there being noparticular restriction on the attachment.

The embossing and/or the textile structure may further increase theinterengagement with a further adhesive. For example, a textilestructure or a structuring, e.g., an embossment, is appropriate.

According to certain embodiments, the bond-friendly surface of thecarrier film for this purpose has a textile structure and/or isstructured.

For example, an adhesion of the PSA layer on the bond-friendly surfaceof less than or equal to 2.5 N/50 mm, preferably less than or equal to1.25 N/50 mm, can be achieved, for example, by reducing thePSA-contacting surface area of the bond-friendly surface, throughstructuring, to—for example—20% (area/area) or less, preferably 10% orless, more preferably 5% or less, of the total base area, or, in thecase of the textile structure, reducing the PSA-contacting surface areaof the bond-friendly surface to—for example 20%, preferably 10%, morepreferably 5% of the total base area and so reducing the peel adhesionforces between the PSA layer of the one-sidedly self-adhesive film andof the structured, bond-friendly surface or of the textile structurethereof, consequently, to correspondingly around 20%, preferably 10%,more preferably 5% of the peel adhesion forces on a correspondinglysmooth surface. By this means it is possible to upwardly extend the 100%adhesive force between PSA layer and the bond-friendly carrier surfaceaccordingly, here for example to 25 N/25 mm or 1.0 N/mm, withoutsticking together of a roll or of a sheet stack. Structuring or atextile structure in accordance with the invention may be achieved, forexample, through a textile structure not subject to any otherrestriction, such as a coarse woven fabric, for example, or by anembossment, which is likewise not subject to particular restriction.

According to certain embodiments, the uppermost, surroundingenvironment-facing surface of the textile structure and/or of thestructuring of the bond-friendly surface of the carrier film accountsfor not more than 20%, for example, not more than 10%, for example, notmore than 5% of the normal surface of the textile structure and/or ofthe structuring. This may be determined for example, by treating thesurface with ink and printing thereon with a fine halftone and thenevaluating the halftoning.

In another embodiment, the uppermost peaks of the structuring may begiven an adhesion-reducing treatment such that only these peaks havetheir adhesion reduced, with the rest of the surface remainingbond-friendly. This makes it possible to use more strongly adhering PSAlayers as well.

In the case of one-sidedly self-adhesive films with a relativelystrongly bonding PSA layer, therefore, the textile structure or theembossing on the uppermost peaks of the structure may additionally beprovided with an adhesion-reducing layer, which preferably must notextend comprehensively over the entire area and structure, with asufficiently large adhesion-friendly surface nevertheless remaining onthe facing side of the carrier, for reliable bonding by a subsequentadhesive. According to certain embodiments, the textile structure or theembossing on the uppermost peaks of the structure is additionallyprovided with an adhesion-reducing layer in such a way that this layerdoes not extend comprehensively over the entire area and structure.There is no particular restriction here on the adhesion-reducing layer.For example, it may be chemically and/or physically modified and/orcoated and/or may comprise adhesion-reducing materials such aspolysiloxanes, polytetrafluoroethylene, etc.

According to certain embodiments, accordingly, the textile structureand/or the structuring of the bond-friendly surface of the carrier film,on a side facing the surrounding environment, has an adhesion-reducingsurface, which preferably makes up only the topmost, surroundingenvironment-facing surface of the textile structure and/or of thestructuring of the carrier film and therefore accounts for a maximum of20%, preferably a maximum of 10%, more preferably a maximum of 5% of thetotal surface area of the side facing away from the carrier film.

According to certain embodiments, the textile structure is connected tothe carrier film and/or the structuring is produced by embossing of thecarrier film.

In preferred embodiments, moreover, on the bond-friendly carriersurface, there may alternatively or additionally be a removable linerlayer applied, which preferably is able to adhere weakly on thebond-friendly carrier surface. In other embodiments, the opposite sideof the liner layer may have been given an adhesion-reducing treatment,in order to prevent sticking-together of the one-sidedly self-adhesivefilm during the winding or stacking, for example, of a roll of adhesivetape or a stack of adhesive sheets, for example. In this embodiment aswell, there may be structuring and/or a textile structure applied on thebond-friendly carrier surface.

There is no further determination of the removable, preferably weaklyadhering, liner layer. It may for example be or comprise a paper, anonwoven, a woven fabric, a layer, such as a film layer, for example, ora combination thereof.

Accordingly, the one-sidedly self-adhesive tape can be wound and unwoundwithout sticking, and can be conveniently applied to the substrate andrubbed on. The bond-friendly surface of the one-sidedly self-adhesivefilm here is protected by the—for example, weakly adhering—removableliner layer from damage, soiling, and other detrimental effects orimpairments. In a later step, the bond-friendly surface of the adhesivefilm can be exposed simply by peeling off the removable liner layer, andis ready in a perfect state for further sticking.

According to certain embodiments, the removable liner layer is presenton the bond-friendly surface of the carrier film, wherein the removableliner layer, on a side facing the bond-friendly surface of the carrierfilm, has an adhesion layer, which on the bond-friendly surface of thecarrier film has an adhesion of 0.05 to 2.50 N/50 mm, measured accordingto Finat FTM 10. In this way it is possible for this layer to remain onthe carrier film during unwinding, withdrawal from a stack, etc.,without damage to the self-adhesive film or the bond-friendly surface,but it can easily be separatively removed for further use.

There is no particular restriction here on the adhesion layer. Forexample, the adhesion layer may be a very weakly adhering polymer layer,e.g., a blend of pressure sensitive adhesives and adhesion-reducingadditions such as fillers (e.g., particulate solids, inorganic ororganic), waxes, polymer particles, etc. The adhesion layer may beconfigured, for example, as a hotmelt adhesive, solvent-based adhesive,or dispersion adhesive. Illustratively, the adhesion layer may consistof or comprise an adhesion material, which is not subject to particularrestriction. The adhesion material in this case may comprise, forexample, a pressure sensitive adhesive and an adhesion-reducingcomponent, neither of which is subject to particular restriction. Forexample, the pressure sensitive adhesive may be selected from the groupconsisting of pressure sensitive adhesives based on rubber, naturalrubber, synthetic rubber such as, for example, styrene-butadiene blockcopolymers (SBS), chloroprene rubber, polyurethane, styrene-acrylate,vinyl acetate, vinyl acetate-ethylene, vinyl versatate,polyethylene-vinyl acetate, polyethylene-vinyl versatate, polyacrylate,and/or copolymers thereof, and/or mixtures thereof, thepressure-sensitive adhesive not being restricted to these. Theadhesion-reducing component may consist of or comprise, for example, amaterial selected from the group consisting of particles (e.g., in theform of dispersion, powder and/or fibers) based on waxes, starch,polymers, minerals, celluloses and/or mixtures thereof, with theadhesion-reducing component not being restricted to these.

The adhesion materials stated illustratively do not, however, limit theadhesion layer, provided the adhesion achieved with this layer on thebond-friendly surface of the carrier film is, in particular, from 0.05to 2.50 N/50 mm, measured according to Finat FTM 10.

As a result of the presence of the adhesion layer, the bond-friendlinessof the bond-friendly surface of the carrier film can be effectivelyretained, and the surface remains undamaged, but the removable linerlayer can also be easily removed manually. Correspondingly, especiallyin the presence of a removable liner layer with adhesion layer, manualworking with application to a substrate is easy, because the removableliner layer can first remain on the one-sidedly self-adhesive film,during unwinding from a roll or removal from a stack, for example, andcan therefore also be applied with the one-sidedly self-adhesive film tothe substrate, but subsequently can also be easily separatively removedfrom the one-sidedly self-adhesive film. In this procedure, neither theadhesion of the one-sidedly self-adhesive film on the substrate, by thePSA layer, nor the further processing thereof, by damage to thebond-friendly surface, is adversely affected.

According to certain embodiments, the removable liner layer is presenton the bond-friendly surface of the carrier film, with the removableliner layer having an adhesion-reducing layer on a side that opposes thebond-friendly surface and that faces the surrounding environment. Thisadhesion-reducing layer is then in contact with the PSA layer, forexample, in the event of winding of the one-sidedly self-adhesive filmor in the event of stacking one atop another. This does allow, however,the PSA layer to be separatively removed again easily from the removableliner layer during unwinding, lifting from the stack, etc.

The adhesion-reducing layer of the weakly adhering liner layer is notmore closely defined. It may, for example, be or comprise a silicone, awax, a polyfluorinated polymer such as Teflon, POM (polyoxymethylene),etc., but is not restricted to these.

According to certain embodiments, the removable liner layer is presenton the bond-friendly surface of the carrier film, wherein the removableliner layer, on a side facing the bond-friendly surface of the carrierfilm, has an adhesion layer, wherein the adhesion of the adhesion layerof the removable liner layer on the bond-friendly surface of the carrierfilm is at least approximately twice as high—for example, three times ashigh—as the adhesion of the layer of pressure sensitive adhesive of theself-adhesive film on the adhesion-reducing layer of the liner layer. Inthis way it is possible in particular to prevent the removable linerlayer from detaching on detachment of the PSA layer, in the event ofunwinding or removal from a stack, for example. It has been found moreparticularly that the adhesive force of the weakly adhering adhesionlayer of the removable liner layer on the bond-friendly carrier surfaceought to be at least around twice as high as the adhesive forces of thePSA layer of the one-sidedly self-adhesive film—e.g., of an adhesivetape or an adhesive sheet—on the adhesion-reducing layer of theremovable liner layer.

It has been found, furthermore, that for practicable use, the adhesionof the weakly adhering adhesion layer on the bond-friendly carriersurface is to be situated in the range between 0.05 and 2.50 N/50 mm,measured according to Finat FTM 10, and the adhesion of the PSA layer ofthe one-sidedly self-adhesive film—e.g., of a self-adhesive film or ofan adhesive sheet—on the substrates where sticking is to take place isto be at least twice as high as the adhesion of the adhesion layer ofthe detachable liner layer on the bond-friendly carrier surface; inparticular, the effectively practicable adhesion values of the adhesionlayer may be tailored to the minimum adhesive forces of the PSA layer ofthe self-adhesive film or of the adhesive sheet, respectively, on thesubstrates where sticking is to take place. These adhesive forces may bemeasured, for example, by a method based on DIN EN 1939:2003, and arepreferably at least twice as high as the adhesion values of the weaklyadhering adhesion layer on the bond-friendly carrier surface.

It has been found more particularly that the adhesion between the weaklyadhering adhesion layer is to exhibit a maximum of 50% of the adhesionof the PSA layer on the substrates where sticking is to take place, inorder to ensure effective detachability of the removable liner layer,without overall separative removal again of the one-sidedlyself-adhesive film of the invention.

According to certain embodiments, the adhesion of the adhesion layer ofthe removable liner layer on the bond-friendly surface of the carrierfilm, measured according to Finat FTM 10, is a maximum of 50% of theadhesion of the layer of pressure sensitive adhesive of theself-adhesive film on a substrate where sticking is to take place,measured, for example, by a method based on DIN EN 1939:2003. In thiscontext, the expression “by a method based on DIN EN 1939:2003”, meansthat the measurement is made as in DIN EN 1939:2003, but with thesubstrate specified in the standard having been replaced by thesubstrate under determination.

The measurement of the adhesion takes place in analogy to DIN EN1939:2003, using the identical testing methods, althoughproject-specific substrates may be used. This means that the entire testtakes place exactly in accordance with the mandates of DIN EN 1939:2003,but that the substrate specified therein is replaced by aproject-specific substrate. In accordance with the standard, themeasurement is made after application according to the normativelyspecified method. The testing takes place in each case under standardconditions, namely at 23° C. and 50% atmospheric humidity.

Furthermore, however, the measurement is made according to DIN EN1939:2003. For this purpose, test specimens are adhered to theproject-specific substrates by methods described in DIN EN 1939:2003 andare tested according to the methods described in DIN EN 1939:2003.

According to certain embodiments, the adhesion of the—for example weaklyadhering—adhesion layer is in the range between 0.05 and 2.50 N/50 mm,measured according to Finat FTM 10, with the adhesion of the adhesionlayer on the bond-friendly surface of the carrier film being at leastaround twice as high as the adhesion of the PSA layer of the one-sidedlyself-adhesive film—of an adhesive tape, for example—on theadhesion-reducing layer of the liner layer. The adhesion of the PSAlayer on the adhesion-reducing layer of the removable liner layer issituated more particularly in the range of 0.05 and 1.25 N/50 mm,measured according to Finat FTM 10.

In particular, according to certain embodiments, a standard-compliantadhesion is achieved on a bond-friendly surface of the invention, usingconventional adhesives typical within construction; for example, withadhesives for floor coverings, peel forces of at least 0.5 N/mm,measured by a method based on DIN EN 1372:2015; with wood flooringadhesives, a bond strength of at least 1.0 N/mm², measured by a methodbased on DIN EN 14293:2006; with mineral tile adhesives, a bond strengthof at least 0.5 N/mm², measured by a method based on SN EN 1348:2007;with leveling compounds, a bond strength of at least 1.0 N/mm², measuredby a method based on EN 13892-8:2003; and/or, with pressure sensitiveadhesives for construction applications, peel forces of at least 5.0N/25 mm, measured by a method based on DIN EN 1939:2003.

The adhesives typical within construction are, more particularly,dispersion adhesives, 1K PU, 2K PU, 2K epoxy, or MS adhesives, which inconstruction applications are employed for the particular applications,such as the bonding of a floor covering, for example. There are noparticular restrictions on these adhesives.

According to certain embodiments, on the bond-friendly surface of thecarrier foil, a standard-compliant adhesion is achieved with an adhesiveselected from dispersion adhesives, 1K PU, 2K PU, 2K epoxy, or MSadhesives, so producing on the bond-friendly surface of the carrierfoil, preferably, with adhesives for floor coverings a peel force of atleast 0.5 N/mm, measured by a method based on DIN EN 1372:2015; withwood flooring adhesives, a bond strength of at least 1.0 N/mm², measuredby a method based on DIN EN 14293:2006; with mineral tile adhesives, abond strength of at least 0.5 N/mm², measured by a method based on SN EN1348:2007; with leveling compounds, a bond strength of at least 1.0N/mm², measured by a method based on EN 13892-8:2003; or, with pressuresensitive adhesives for construction applications, especially for thebonding of floor coverings or stair coverings, a peel force of at least5.0 N/25 mm, measured by a method based on DIN EN 1939:2003. In thiscontext as well, the expression “by a method based on” in relation tothe particular measurement means that the surface specified in thestandard is replaced by the surface of the carrier foil, but that themeasurement otherwise takes place in accordance with the standard inquestion. In these measurement methods as well, the expression “by amethod based on” means that the measurement is made on the correspondingbond-friendly surface rather than the surface according to the standard,but that otherwise the normative conditions are observed.

According to certain embodiments, the one-sidedly self-adhesive film isconfigured as a roll, as adhesive tape, for example, or as a sheet, suchas an adhesive sheet, for example.

According to certain embodiments, the self-adhesive film of theinvention comprises a retarding layer for moisture and/or a blockinglayer for plasticizers, neither of which is subject to particularrestriction.

A retarding layer for moisture is understood to be a retarder withrespect to migrating or diffusing moisture—for example, generally, todiffusion of water, as by osmosis, for example. Similar comments applyin respect of the blocking layer for plasticizers, which is able toprevent plasticizer passage. For this purpose, the layers typically usedmay be employed, and may be integrated in the carrier film, for example.

There is no particular restriction on the at least one retarding layerfor/with respect to moisture, provided it acts as a retarder withrespect to moisture, and it may, for example, be polymeric, metallicand/or ceramic—a metal oxide layer, for example.

Examples of suitable metals include Al, Cu, Ag, Au, Ti, Cr, Ni, Pdand/or Pt, which may be provided in the form of a foil and/or may havebeen coated, by vapor deposition, for example. Examples of suitablemetal oxides include aluminum oxide, silicon dioxide, titanium oxide,etc., and mixed oxides. The at least one moisture retarding layer mayalso be designed as a polymer and may comprise or consist, for example,of a material selected from the group consisting of polypropylene (PP),polyethylene (PE), polyolefins (PO), latex, nitrile rubber (NBR),styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR), polycarbonate (PC), polyvinyl chloride(PVC), polyvinyl acetate (PVAC), polyurethane (PU) and/or copolymersand/or mixtures thereof.

The material of the blocking layer, which is impermeable forplasticizers, is not subject to any particular restriction here,provided it prevents plasticizer passage, and it is, for example,polymeric, metallic and/or ceramic—that is, comprises and/or consists ofone or more polymers, metals and/or ceramics. The blocking layer whichis impermeable to plasticizers may for example be a layer whichcomprises and/or consists of a metal, a metal oxide and/or a polymercomprising polyethylene terephthalate (PET), aromatic and/or aliphaticpolyamides (PA), aliphatic and/or aromatic polyesters (PES), polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA), polyacrylonitrile (PAN), polyvinyl chloride (PVC),polycarbonate (PC), polyurethane (PU), polyvinyl acetate (PVAC),polyvinyl alcohol (PVOH) and/or copolymers and/or mixtures thereof.

According to certain embodiments, the at least one moisture retardinglayer and/or the optional at least one blocking layer which isimpermeable to plasticizers is integrated in the carrier film.

According to certain embodiments, the one-sidedly self-adhesive film hasa width of at least 300 mm, preferably at least 350 mm, more preferablyat least 400 mm, for example, of at least 500 mm. With the one-sidedlyself-adhesive film of the invention, crease-free manual application ispossible even where the one-sidedly self-adhesive film is relativelywide. This is especially so if there is a removable liner layer present.

Further disclosed is a method for producing an adhesive filmself-adhesive on one side and comprising

-   -   at least one carrier film, wherein the carrier film has a        bond-friendly surface on one side; and    -   a layer of pressure sensitive adhesive, which is located on a        side of the carrier film that faces the surrounding environment,        on the side opposing the bond-friendly surface;        wherein a removable liner layer is applied on the bond-friendly        surface of the carrier film in such a way that the layer of        pressure sensitive adhesive has an adhesion, on a surface of the        removable liner layer that opposes the bond-friendly surface of        the carrier film, of less than or equal to 2.50 N/50 mm,        preferably less than or equal to 1.25 N/50 mm, measured        according to Finat FTM 10,        wherein the layer of pressure sensitive adhesive is applied to a        side of the carrier film that faces the surrounding environment        and opposes the bond-friendly surface, and the removable liner        layer is applied on the bond-friendly surface of the carrier        film, with the removable liner layer being applied before,        during, or after the first layer of pressure sensitive adhesive;        and/or        wherein the layer of pressure sensitive adhesive is applied to        the carrier film, on the side of the carrier film that opposes        the bond-friendly surface, wherein the layer of pressure        sensitive adhesive, on the bond-friendly surface of the carrier        film, has an adhesion of less than or equal to 2.50 N/50 mm,        preferably less than or equal to 1.25 N/50 mm, measured        according to Finat FTM 10.

With the method of the invention it is possible in particular to producethe one-sidedly self-adhesive film of the invention. Accordingly, therespective layers may be designed as indicated above for the one-sidedlyself-adhesive film of the invention. There are no particularrestrictions on the respective application of the respective layers.Establishing a bond-friendly surface on the part of the carrier film maybe accomplished as described above.

According to certain embodiments, a removable liner layer is applied onthe bond-friendly surface of the carrier film, wherein an adhesion layeris applied to the removable liner layer before the application of theremovable liner layer to the bond-friendly surface of the carrier film,wherein the removable liner layer is applied to the carrier film in sucha way that the adhesion layer on the removable liner layer comes intocontact with the bond-friendly surface of the carrier film, preferablywherein the adhesion layer on the bond-friendly surface of the carrierfilm has an adhesion of 0.05 to 2.50 N/50 mm, preferably 0.10-1.25 N/50mm, measured according to Finat FTM 10.

The application of the adhesion layer to the removable liner layer isnot subject here to any particular restriction. The adhesion layer heremay have the nature and constitution as discussed in connection with theone-sidedly self-adhesive film of the invention.

Also, according to certain embodiments, an adhesion-reducing layer maybe applied to the removable liner layer before the removable lininglayer is applied to the bond-friendly surface, with the removable lininglayer being applied to the bond-friendly surface of the carrier foil insuch a way that the adhesion-reducing layer is present on a side of theremovable liner layer that opposes the bond-friendly surface and thatfaces the surrounding environment. The application of theadhesion-reducing layer is also not subject to particular restriction.

If both the adhesion layer and the adhesion-reducing layer are appliedto the removable liner layer, they are applied on opposite sides of theremovable liner layer, and they may be applied successively orsimultaneously. Here, preferably, the adhesion-reducing layer is appliedfirst.

According to certain embodiments, the removable liner layer may remainon the bond-friendly surface of the carrier film on separation, of theadhesive film rolls or stacks, for example—unstacking or unwinding, forexample.

According to certain embodiments, the bond-friendly surface of thecarrier film is produced by physical and/or chemical pretreatment,coating, embossing of the carrier film and/or joining of a textilestructure to the carrier film. The surface of the carrier film may begiven a bond-friendly treatment for example for producing thebond-friendly surface, for example, with a corona treatment and/or aplasma treatment and/or a primer coating or adhesion promoter layer,and/or by application of a suitable bond-friendly material, such as asuitable woven fabric or nonwoven, for example, which are not subject toparticular restriction and which may be tailored to the material of thecarrier film and/or of the construction adhesives. According to certainembodiments, the PSA layer has an adhesion on the bond-friendly surfaceof the carrier film of less than or equal to 2.50 N/50 mm, preferablyless than or equal to 1.25 N/50 mm, measured according to Finat FTM 10.

The present invention relates, moreover, to a method for applying—inparticular over the full area—the one-sidedly self-adhesive film of theinvention on a substrate, e.g., a floor, a stair, or a wall, comprising:

applying the one-sidedly self-adhesive film to the substrate,rubbing and/or rolling the one-sidedly self-adhesive film on thesubstrate,optionally removing the removable liner layer of the one-sidedlyself-adhesive film, andoptionally applying an adhesive, a grit and/or a leveling compound—forexample, a self-leveling compound or wall-smoothing compound—on thebond-friendly surface of the one-sidedly self-adhering self-adhesivefilm. Atop the grit and/or leveling compound it is then possible,subsequently, to apply a further covering such as a floor, a wallcovering, etc. The grit or the leveling compound is not subject to anyparticular restriction. Nor is there any particular restriction on theapplication, the rubbing and/or rolling on the substrate, the optionalremoval of the removable liner layer, and the optional application of anadhesive, a grit and/or a leveling compound—for example, a self-levelingcompound—on the bond-friendly surface of the one-sidedly self-adheringself-adhesive film. The steps can be performed in accordance with theart.

The substrate, being for example a floor, a stair or a wall, is likewisenot subject to particular restriction here in terms of the materialand/or the nature/consistency.

According to certain embodiments, the one-sidedly self-adhesive film isapplied with a width of at least 300 mm, preferably at least 350 mm,more preferably at least 400 mm, for example, of at least 500 mm. Withthe one-sidedly self-adhesive film of the invention, crease-free manualapplication is possible even where the one-sidedly self-adhesive film isrelatively wide. This is especially so if a removable liner layer ispresent. At the upper end, there is no particular restriction on thewidth of the one-sidedly self-adhesive film. For example, one-sidedlyself-adhesive films with a width of up to 1.20 m may be provided, andmay be suitably applied on a substrate.

According to certain embodiments, a leveling compound and/or an adhesiveare/is applied on the bond-friendly surface and/or carrier surface ofthe one-sidedly self-adhering self-adhesive film, with a floor coveringbeing bonded subsequent to the leveling compound and/or the adhesive.The floor covering here is not subject to particular restriction andembraces, for example, a PVC, CV, carpet, linoleum, wood floor, rubber,cork covering, etc.

Further disclosed is the use of the one-sidedly self-adhesive film ofthe invention for applying, especially over the full area, a levelingcompound and/or an adhesive, preferably different from the pressuresensitive adhesive of the layer of pressure sensitive adhesive, to asubstrate. Accordingly, the one-sidedly self-adhesive film of theinvention serves as a mediator for application to the substrate onwhich, for example, the adhesive and/or the leveling compound inquestion do not adhere sufficiently or are not to be applied for otherreasons. Functionalization may be accomplished here additionally throughfurther layers such as a moisture retarding layer and/or a plasticizerblocking layer, in order for example to obtain appropriate protection ofthe adhesive and/or of the leveling compound, of a floor covering, etc.

The embodiments, refinements, and developments above may be combinedarbitrarily with one another insofar as is rational. Further possiblerefinements, developments, and implementations of the invention alsoembrace combinations not explicitly stated of features of the inventionthat are described above or below with respect to the working examples.In particular, the skilled person will also add individual aspects, asimprovements or additions, to the respective basic form of the presentinvention.

The invention is represented below with a number of illustrativeembodiments which, however, do not subject it to any limitation.

Example 1

An illustrative construction of a one-sidedly self-adhesive film of theinvention is as follows (e.g., viewed from above upon application to asubstrate):

-   -   adhesion-reducing layer of a removable liner layer: silicone    -   carrier of the detachable liner layer: e.g., paper, film    -   adhesion layer of the detachable liner layer, as indicated        illustratively below    -   bond-friendly surface of a carrier film, produced, for example,        by corona treatment of the carrier film    -   carrier film: for example, polymer film, e.g., PP film or PET        film, or multilayer film    -   pressure sensitive adhesive layer with peel adhesion>15 N/25 mm        to DIN EN 1939:2003    -   adhesion of the PSA layer on the adhesion-reducing layer of the        removable liner layer<1 N/50 mm, here more particularly 0.3 N/50        mm according to Finat FTM 10

The material is produced in accordance with the invention in webs andwound into rolls.

Examples of suitable formulations for the adhesion layer, and theadhesion of the adhesion layer on the bond-friendly surface of thecarrier film in example 1, are found in table 1 below. Materials usedfor the adhesion layer were the following materials:

Pr31L-105: Alberdingk AC 75063 50 wt % and Alberdingk U3251 50 wt %;Pr31L-106: Primal/Axilat 4801 50 wt % and Alberdingk U3251 50 wt %;Pr31L-114: BASF Acronal V212 30 wt % and Alberdingk U3251 70 wt %

The adhesion layer was applied with a layer thickness of around 20 g/m².

TABLE 1 illustrative adhesion layer materials and adhesion on thebond-friendly surface of the carrier film in example 1 FormulationPr31L-106 Pr31L-114 Pr31L-105 Adhesion to Finat 0.23 0.20 1.00 FTM 10[N/50 mm]

Example 2

Another illustrative construction of a one-sidedly self-adhesive film ofthe invention with a textile surface on the carrier film is as follows(e.g., viewed from above upon application to a substrate):

-   -   adhesion-reducing layer of a removable liner layer: silicone    -   carrier of the detachable liner layer: e.g., paper, film    -   adhesion layer of the detachable liner layer, as indicated        illustratively below    -   bond-friendly surface: nonwoven, e.g., PES spunbonded 80 g/m²    -   laminating adhesive    -   carrier film: for example, polymer film, e.g., PP film or PET        film, or multilayer film    -   pressure sensitive adhesive layer with peel adhesion>15 N/25 mm        to DIN EN 1939:2003    -   adhesion of the PSA layer on the adhesion-reducing layer of the        removable liner layer<1 N/50 mm, here more particularly 0.3 N/50        mm according to Finat FTM 10

The material is produced in accordance with the invention in webs andwound into rolls.

Examples of suitable formulations for the adhesion layer, and theadhesion of the adhesion layer on the bond-friendly surface of thecarrier film with textile structure in example 2, are found in table 2below. Materials used for the adhesion layer were the followingmaterials:

Pr31L-121: Alberdingk AC 75013 50 wt % and BASF Acronal V212 50% wt %;Pr31L-157: BASF Luphen D 259 U 100 wt %; Pr31L-154: BASF Acronal A 245100 wt %

The adhesion layer was applied with a layer thickness of around 25 g/m².

TABLE 2 illustrative adhesion layer materials and adhesion on thebond-friendly surface of the carrier film in example 2 FormulationPr31L-121 Pr31L-157 Pr31L-154 Adhesion to Finat 0.50 0.25 1.08 FTM 10[N/50 mm]

Example 3

Another illustrative construction of a one-sidedly self-adhesive film ofthe invention with a textile surface or structured surface on thecarrier film is as follows (e.g., viewed from above upon application toa substrate):

-   -   bond-friendly surface as indicated illustratively below    -   laminating adhesive    -   carrier film: for example, polymer film, e.g., PP film or PET        film, or multilayer film    -   pressure sensitive adhesive layer with peel adhesion<10 N/25 mm,        here more particularly 6.0 N/25 mm to DIN EN 1939:2003

The material is produced in accordance with the invention in webs andwound into rolls.

Examples of suitable bond-friendly surfaces on which at the same time aPSA layer with peel adhesion<10 N/25 mm to DIN EN 1939:2003 exhibitssufficiently low adhesion, and also the adhesion values on the carrierfilm with textile structure or structuring of the bond-friendly surface,according to example 3, are found in table 3 below. Materials used forthe bond-friendly surface were the following materials:

Pr31S-12: rayon staple fabric 120 g/m²

Pr31S-17: Huhtamaki LDPE 60219 D119 Pr31S-24: Huhtamaki LDPE 16000 D124

TABLE 3 illustrative adhesion on the bond-friendly surface of thecarrier film in example 3 Layer examples Pr31S-12 Pr31S-17 Pr31S-24Adhesion to Finat 1.64 0.55 0.10 FMT 10 [N/50 mm]

Example 4

Shown below are examples of the adhesion of various adhesives on abond-friendly surface of a one-sidedly self-adhesive film of theinvention.

The bond-friendly surface in this case is achieved through coronatreatment of a PP film as carrier film. Table 4 below reports theadhesion values achievable on the bond-friendly surface using variousadhesives and leveling compounds.

TABLE 4 adhesion of different adhesives on a bond-friendly surface of aone-sidedly self-adhesive film of the invention Adhesive Standard typeAdhesive Test standard specification Test value Floor Uzin KE DIN EN0.5N/mm  0.77N/mm  covering 2000 1372: 2015 adhesive dispersion CarpetUzin UZ 57 DIN EN 0.5N/mm  0.56N/mm² adhesive 1372: 2015 Wood Uzin MK 92DIN EN 1.0N/mm² 1.25N/mm² flooring 14293: 2006 adhesive Pressure fromex. 2 DIN EN none 49N/25 mm sensitive 1939: 2003 adhesive

Example 5

Shown below are examples of the adhesion of various adhesives on abond-friendly surface of a one-sidedly self-adhesive film of theinvention.

The bond-friendly surface in this case is achieved through alaminated-on polyester nonwoven on the carrier film. Table 5 belowreports the adhesion values achievable on the bond-friendly surfaceusing various adhesives and leveling compounds.

TABLE 5 adhesion of different adhesives on a bond-friendly surface of aone-sidedly self-adhesive film of the invention Adhesive Standard typeAdhesive Test standard specification Test value Wood Uzin MK92 DIN EN1.0N/mm² 1.25N/mm² flooring 14293: 2006 adhesive Tile Codex CX-3 SN EN0.5N/mm² 0.95N/mm² adhesive 1348: 2007 Leveling Uzin NC 172 DIN EN1.0N/mm²  1.7N/mm² compound 13892-8: 2008

1. An adhesive film self-adhesive on one side, comprising at least onecarrier film, wherein the carrier film has a bond-friendly surface onone side; and a layer of pressure sensitive adhesive, which is locatedon a side of the carrier film that faces the surrounding environment, onthe side opposing the bond-friendly surface; wherein a removable linerlayer is applied on the bond-friendly surface of the carrier film insuch a way that the layer of pressure sensitive adhesive has anadhesion, on a surface of the removable liner layer that opposes thebond-friendly surface of the carrier film, of less than or equal to 2.50N/50 mm, preferably less than or equal to 1.25 N/50 mm, measuredaccording to Finat FTM 10, and/or wherein the layer of pressuresensitive adhesive has an adhesion on the bond-friendly surface of lessthan or equal to 2.50 N/50 mm, preferably less than or equal to 1.25N/50 mm, measured according to Finat FTM
 10. 2. The one-sidedlyself-adhesive film of claim 1, wherein the removable liner layer ispresent on the bond-friendly surface of the carrier film, wherein theremovable liner layer, on a side facing the bond-friendly surface of thecarrier film, has an adhesion layer, which on the bond-friendly surfaceof the carrier film has an adhesion of 0.05 to 2.50 N/50 mm, preferably0.10-1.25 N/50 mm, measured according to Finat FTM
 10. 3. Theone-sidedly self-adhesive film of claim 1, wherein the removable linerlayer is present on the bond-friendly surface of the carrier film,wherein the removable liner layer, on a side opposing the bond-friendlysurface and facing the surrounding environment, has an adhesion-reducinglayer.
 4. The one-sidedly self-adhesive film of claim 1, wherein theremovable liner layer is present on the bond-friendly surface of thecarrier film, wherein the removable liner layer, on a side facing thebond-friendly surface of the carrier film, has an adhesion layer,wherein the adhesion of the adhesion layer of the removable liner layeron the bond-friendly surface of the carrier film is at least twice ashigh as the adhesion of the layer of pressure sensitive adhesive of theself-adhesive film on the adhesion-reducing layer of the liner layer. 5.The one-sidedly self-adhesive film of claim 2, wherein the adhesion ofthe adhesion layer of the removable liner layer on the bond-friendlysurface of the carrier film, measured according to Finat FTM 10, is amaximum of 50% of the adhesion of the layer of pressure sensitiveadhesive of the self-adhesive film on a substrate where adhesion is totake place, measured by a method based on DIN EN 1939:2003.
 6. Theone-sidedly self-adhesive film of claim 1, wherein the bond-friendlysurface of the carrier film has a texture structure and/or isstructured.
 7. The one-sidedly self-adhesive film of claim 6, whereinthe topmost, surrounding environment-facing surface of the textilestructure and/or of the structuring of the bond-friendly surface of thecarrier film accounts for not more than 20% of the normal surface of thetextile structure and/or of the structuring.
 8. The one-sidedlyself-adhesive film of claim 7, wherein the textile structure and/or thestructuring of the bond-friendly surface of the carrier film, on a sidefacing the surrounding environment, has an adhesion-reducing surface,which preferably makes up only the topmost, surroundingenvironment-facing surface of the textile structure and/or of thestructuring of the carrier film and therefore accounts for a maximum of20% of the total surface area of the side facing away from the carrierfilm.
 9. The one-sidedly self-adhesive film of claim 1, furthercomprising a retarding layer for moisture and/or a blocking layer forplasticizers.
 10. A method for producing an adhesive film self-adhesiveon one side and comprising at least one carrier film, wherein thecarrier film has a bond-friendly surface on one side; and a layer ofpressure sensitive adhesive, which is located on a side of the carrierfilm that faces the surrounding environment, on the side opposing thebond-friendly surface; wherein a removable liner layer is applied on thebond-friendly surface of the carrier film in such a way that the layerof pressure sensitive adhesive has an adhesion, on a surface of theremovable liner layer that opposes the bond-friendly surface of thecarrier film, of less than or equal to 2.50 N/50 mm, preferably lessthan or equal to 1.25 N/50 mm, measured to Finat FTM 10, wherein thelayer of pressure sensitive adhesive is applied to a side of the carrierfilm that faces the surrounding environment and opposes thebond-friendly surface, and the removable liner layer is applied on thebond-friendly surface of the carrier film, with the removable linerlayer being applied before, during, or after the first layer of pressuresensitive adhesive; and/or wherein the layer of pressure sensitiveadhesive is applied to the carrier film, on the side of the carrier filmthat opposes the bond-friendly surface, wherein the layer of pressuresensitive adhesive, on the bond-friendly surface of the carrier film,has an adhesion of less than or equal to 2.50 N/50 mm, preferably lessthan or equal to 1.25 N/50 mm, measured according to Finat FTM
 10. 11.The method of claim 10, wherein a removable liner layer is applied onthe bond-friendly surface of the carrier film, wherein an adhesion layeris applied to the removable liner layer before the application of theremovable liner layer to the bond-friendly surface of the carrier film,wherein the removable liner layer is applied to the carrier film in sucha way that the adhesion layer on the removable liner layer comes intocontact with the bond-friendly surface of the carrier film, preferablywherein the adhesion layer on the bond-friendly surface of the carrierfilm has an adhesion of 0.05 to 2.50 N/50 mm, preferably 0.10-1.25 N/50mm, measured according to Finat FTM
 10. 12. The method of claim 10,wherein the bond-friendly surface of the carrier film is produced byphysical and/or chemical pretreatment, coating, embossing of the carrierfilm and/or joining of a textile structure to the carrier film.
 13. Amethod for applying a one-sidedly self-adhesive film of claim 1 on asubstrate, e.g., a floor, a stair, or a wall, comprising: applying theone-sidedly self-adhesive film to the substrate, rubbing and/or rollingthe one-sidedly self-adhesive film on the substrate, optionally removingthe removable liner layer of the one-sidedly self-adhesive film, andoptionally applying an adhesive, a grit and/or a leveling compound onthe bond-friendly surface of the one-sidedly self-adhering self-adhesivefilm.
 14. The method of claim 13, wherein a leveling compound and/or anadhesive are/is applied on the bond-friendly surface of the one-sidedlyself-adhering self-adhesive film, with a floor covering being bondedsubsequent to the leveling compound and/or the adhesive.
 15. The use ofa one-sidedly self-adhesive film of claim 1 for applying an adhesive,preferably different from the pressure sensitive adhesive of the layerof pressure sensitive adhesive, and/or a leveling compound to asubstrate.